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What Does Progesterone Do?

Dear Anai,

I just found out that I am pregnant! Because I miscarried in the past, my doctor wants me to take 200 mg of prometrium twice a day to rule out a luteal phase defect. I'm worried about the effects of this drug on the baby. Any information would help!

Thank you,

Julie

Answer:

Every drug prescribed and those used over-the-counter have side effects. Some of which we care not to experience. When it comes to these side effects affecting another life, such as our own unborn baby, we tend to focus more on them.\n\nThe manufacturer's insert found with every bottle of Progesterone, discusses possible complications. You have to make the decision on your own whether or not the benefits outweigh the risks.

After ovulation, progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum ( the follicle shed by the egg ). Progesterone is critical in the sense that it is the key ingredient in helping build up the uterine lining (or endometrium) in helping the egg nourish after implantation.

If the egg is not fertilised, the uterine lining begins to break down, preparing to shed for the next menstrual cycle. If the egg was fertilised, the corpus luteum continues its mission to produce Progesterone until the placenta can resume the role on its own. If natural progesterone is inadequate after the egg has implanted safely, the uterus may begin a series of small contractions to expel the egg. This is also known as an spontaneous abortion. Progesterone is the hormone that prevents contractions as far we know to date. Having a low amount is another cause for pre-mature labour.

If you are known to have a low progesterone level after ovulation, then progesterone may be given to you. Without a sufficient progesterone level, the fertilised egg will not be able to survive on its own. This will result in the egg not implanting, but rather falling out along with your next menstrual period. This type of pregnancy is also referred to as a chemical pregnancy. You may have a positive home pregnancy test, and an unusually heavy period during a chemical pregnancy.

Your doctor will may look into your past history to determine the possibility of low progesterone in your system. The following are a few things he or she may want to know:

• Do you have irregular menstrual cycles?
• Do you have an unexplained history of infertility?
• During the months when you were trying to conceive, did you notice your periods were suddenly later than normal? Were they heavier as well?
• Have you have a previous unexplained early miscarriage?
• If you were previous pregnant, did you ever experience any uterine contractions? Menstrual-type contractions?
• Any spotting?

If your doctor suspects that you have low Progesterone levels, then he or she may prescribe a twice a day vaginal suppository or a weekly Progesterone shot. If you already have a history, he or she may start you on the Progesterone therapy right away.

©1996 Anai Rhoads.